(翻译)The term monitor is used interchangeably with screen,video display screen, and cathoderay tube. This output device provides your principal visual contact with the microcomputer system. When you enter commands or data from the keyboard,you see the results on the monitor. A monochrome monitor displays text and ,in some cases,graphics in a single color—commonly green or amber—usually on a dark background. A color monitor,often referred to as an RGB monitor(for red ,green,blue),can display text and graphics in various colors. Most of the capabilities of the monitor,including image clarity and the ability to draw graphics,are determined by the sophistication of the video display circuit board,if any, contained within the system unit. In any case, the user needs the appropriate software to take advantage of a monitor’s capabilities—including the ability to display graphics.
The main computer system cabinet, called the system unit, usually houses the power supply, the system board, and the storage devices(although some storage devices—disk drives, for example—are often housed in cabinets outside the system unit). These elements can be defined as follows:
(1) The power supply provides electrical power to all components housed in the system unit. In some microcomputers, it also provides power to the monitor.
(2) The system board, also known as the motherboard, is the main circuit board of the microcomputer system. It normally includes the microprocessor chip, main memory chips, all related support circuitry, and the expansion slots where additional components can be plugged in.
(3) The storage devices are usually one or more floppy disk drives and high-capacity hard disk drives. A floppy disk, or diskette, is a thin plastic disk enclosed in a paper or plastic covering that can be magnetically encoded with data. Hard disks are rigid disks capable of storing much more data than a floppy disk. Hard disks are more expensive than floppy disks. Since most hard disks are permanently installed in the system unit. Floppy disks, which can be carried around, are often used to move data from one computer to another.
(4) Additional components: the expansion slots on the system board allow users to add new components to their computer systems. The most popular add-on components include: a memory card containing main memory chips that give you additional main memory; an internal modem to facilitate data communications between computers over phone lines and similar cables; a batter-powered clock ad calendar mechanism; additional printer ports(hook-ups)that allow you to communicate with several types of output devices; and video display boards.
（阅读判断）Since World War II, computer scientists have tried to develop techniques that would allow computers to act more like humans. The entire research effort, including decision-making systems, robotic devices, and various approaches to computer speech, is usually called artificial intelligence (AI). Most AI efforts remain in the research labs. A collection of AI techniques that enables computers to assist people in analyzing problems and making decisions, called knowledge-based expert systems, however, has recently proved its value, and numerous commercial applications are now underway. Expert systems are being developed to assist manages with complex hardware, and aid mechanics in troubleshooting locomotive problems.
As recently as 1980, expert systems research was still confined to a few university research laboratories. Today, the
Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage
1） Decision-making system and robotic device are both AI techniques
2） AI techniques enable computers to assist people in analyzing problems and making decisions.
3） Expert system has proved its value since World War II.
4） Expert systems research is still confined to a university research laboratories today.
5) Expert system will earn a good future in commerical application.
