ID：9121-12136
Passage Two
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …”, what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.
These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.
But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
查看解析
ID：9121-12871（本题为引用材料试题，请根据材料回答以下问题）
We can infer from the passage that _______.
A. standardized tests should no longer be used.
B. results of standardized tests accurately reflect the abilities of the testees
C. the value of standardized tests lies in their proper interpretation
D. special methods must be applied to the result of standardized tests.
查看解析
ID：9121-12138（本题为引用材料试题，请根据材料回答以下问题）
If a mother adds “but” to an apology, _______.
A. she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized
B. she does not realize that the child has been hurt
C. the child may find the apology easier to accept
D. the child may feel that he owes her an apology
查看解析
ID：9121-13060（本题为引用材料试题，请根据材料回答以下问题）
According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ________.
A) they have to watch out for possible attacks
B) their brain hemispheres take turns to rest
C) the two halves of their brain are differently structured
D) they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions
查看解析
ID：9121-13069
The international situation has been growing ________ difficult for the last few years.
A) invariably B) presumably C) increasingly D) dominantly
查看解析
